Last modified: 2025-08-09 by 
zachary harden
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![[Ilocos Sur, Philippines]](../images/p/ph-ils.gif)
image by Zachary Harden, 29 July 2025
See also:
Ilocos Sur also dates from 1818. Its population is 584,000 in thirty-four towns
covering 2579 sq.km. The capital is Vigan, where Juan de Salcedo established the
Spanish government of Ilocos. Vigan was the seat of a bishopric from the
seventeenth century and long a flourishing trading center. The architectural
monuments of its mercantile heyday still stand, and a number of museums preserve
the area's cultural heritage. For the rest, Ilocos Sur, like Ilocos Norte,
rebelled frequently. Tirad Pass contains a monument to the Filipino soldiers
under Gregorio Pilar who there covered the retreat of General Emilio Aguinaldo
of the first Philippine Republic. During 1945 Ilocos Sur was a staging area for
the Philippine and American forces preparing to attack the Japanese under
General Yamashita, making their last stand in the northern Cordilleras.
The economy of Ilocos Sur is based on agriculture, producing a wide variety of
vegetables, animals, and fish; they are expanding into a variety of
food-processing industries, and also practice a number of crafts and cottage
industries: jewelry making, wood and stone craft, ceramics, wine and vinegar
making, blanket-weaving, basket-weaving, shellcraft, and ironmongery.
Transportation services have been modernized, and tourism is now established.
John Ayer, 1 April 2001
[As of 2025] it is still a seal on a red (maybe wine red) background; the only difference I see is how we depict the seal used on the flag.
Zachary Harden, 29 July 2025
![[Candon, Ilocos Sur, Philippines]](../images/p/ph-ils-ca.gif)
Source; image by Zachary Harden, 29 July 2025
Vigan, the capital city, shows two flags in use. This partial flag, shown here, I believe is the city flag in use. I have not been able to find a clearer picture of this flag. Regardless, this picture shows what could be the city seal on a white background. There seems to be a variant where a purple stripe is used in the center here. The local council, called the Sangguniang Panlungsod (SP), has its own flag. It is their seal on a blue background.
Zachary Harden, 29 July 2025