Portugal

República Portuguesa / República Pertuesa, Portuguese Republic

Last modified: 2025-10-24 by klaus-michael schneider
Keywords: portugal | escutcheons | armillary sphere | hope | sacrifice |
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• The national flag of Portugal
  • How to fold the Portuguese national flag
  • Alternative depictions: incorrect, variant (incl. vertical) and humurous
• Portuguese governmental flags
• Portuguese coat of arms
• Portuguese subnational flags (clickable map)
• Portuguese military flags
• Portuguese Civil Defense flags
• Portuguese flags for use at sea
• Portuguese historical flags
  • Portuguese Warrior Monastic Orders:
    • Christ Knights’ Order
    • Order of Avis
• Portuguese teaching and research institutions
• Portuguese scouts
• Portuguese political flags
• Portuguese sport flags
• Portuguese companies’ flags
• Miscellaneous Portuguese flags
• Flags on stamps issued by Portugal

• Flag page at the presidential website
• Belard da Fonseca’s excellent website about Portuguese Heraldry
• António Martins’ site on Portuguese Vexillology (in Portuguese)
• Portuguese flags in Flickr.COM

Overview

Flag and coat of arms adopted on 30 June 1911.
Zonomi Kariyasu, 30 Feb 1998

The Portuguese national flag is a 2:3 rectangle divided vertically into green at the hoist (2/5 of the flag’s length) and red at the fly (3/5). Centered in this partition a coat of arms consisting on an armillary sphere charged with the traditional Portuguese shield.
António Martins, 04 Jun 1997

The Portuguese constitution is extremely laconic regarding flags. The only specifically vex info there is in Article 11 (National symbols), paragraph 1. and reads (my translation):

The national flag, symbol of the soveregnty of the Republic and of Portugal’s independence, unity and integrity, is the one adopted by the Republic established by the Revolution of 5 October 1910.

In fact upon adoption in 1911 by the Constitutional assembly, the flag was described as, and I quote,

bi-partida verticalmente em duas côres fundamentaes, verde escuro e escarlate, ficando o verde do lado da tralha.

Design

Color shades

Here are the Portuguese flag colours:

• Red (fly field)
• Green (hoist field)
• Gold (castles, armilary sphere)
• Blue (escutcheons)
• White (besants, inner shield, the fimbriation next to the red border)
• Black (lining around all elements, exc. bezants and fields) [ed.]

My Pantone Book of Color has a 2 + 4 digits reference plus name. With this one I would point out «Pepper green» (18-5841) as the best approximation to the 1911 booklet by the flag’s author himself [cba11] (my copy is in mint state and apparently not discoloured). Please note this was more or less the tone that one would constantly see in the early depictions of the flag.
A. S. Marques, 25 Nov 1998

The five escutcheons are in medium or dark blue, never in sky blue. This is not written anywhere, but is quite traditional.
A. S. Marques, 25 Nov 1998

Symbolism

Flag meant to simbolize Hope (green) + Sacrifice (red)…
A. S. Marques, 25 Nov 1998

About the symbolism, it’s a fairy tale. The green and red where adopted by the republicans without this symbolism (rather from masonic-carbonarian connections), which was added later to give the flag more “dignity”. It’s a typical case of symbolism emerging from the design.
Jorge Candeias, 27 Nov 1998