
Last modified: 2011-06-11 by ian macdonald
Keywords: india | indian princely state | bhopal | tughra | 
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Bhopal was a former state, South Central India States, India; 6,921 square miles; incorporated 1956 in Madhya Pradesh. Chief state of former Bhopal Agency and next to Hyderabad the most important
Muslim state in India. Surface broken by Vindhya Mts; Narmada River
formed its southern border. Founded 1723 by Dost Mohammed Khan, an Afghan chieftain who had served under Aurangzeb; made treaty
arrangements with British government 1817; ruled by female line (Begums of Bhopal) 1844-1926.
Jarig Bakker, 10 November 1998
From Filcher (1984):
SULTANATE OF BHOPAL
Princely States of Central India, Kingdoms of Gwalior and Bhopal, Present-day 
Madhya Pradesh 
19 Gun Salute
Area: 17, 925 sq. km
Acceded to the Union of India on June 1, 1949, Founded in 1707 by an Afghan, 
Dost Mohammed
Flag of the Begum:
The Begum of Bhopal has a rectangular tricolor standard black - white - green 
in horizontal stripes of equal length with a yellow fringe ... with a silver 
crown on the top stripe ... Arab ideograms in gold, on the middle stripe the "Tughra" 
in gold (the tughra is the signature of the Muslim Sovereigns; it appears too 
on the standards <and stamps> of the Ottoman sultans and the Afghan king). On 
top of the flag mast the coat of arms in gold.
Chrystian Kretowicz, 28 January 2003
![[Bhopal]](../images/i/in-bhopa.jpg) image 
located
by Jarig Bakker, from Ziggiotto (1998).
 
image 
located
by Jarig Bakker, from Ziggiotto (1998).