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![[Flag of Joinville,
SC (Brazil)]](../images/b/br-sc-137.gif)
image by Ivan Sache,
4 November 2021
The municipality of Joinville (597,658 inhabitants in 2020, therefore Santa
Catarina's most populated municipality; 112,611 ha) is located 200 km north of
Florianópolis. The municipality is composed of the districts of Joinville (set)
and Pirabeiraba.
Joinville, nicknamed the Princes' Town, is named for
François d'Orléans (1818-1900), Prince de Joinville, the third son of
Louis-Philippe (1773-1850), King of the French from 1830 to 1848. In 1843, the
Prince de Joinville married Francisca of Braganza (1824-1898), Imperial Princess
of Brazil. The princely couple immediately moved to France, where they stayed
until the deposition of Louis-Philippe.
Exiled in Claremont (England), the
royal family had all its French goods and possessions confiscated by the newly
proclaimed republic. The princely couple sold in 1849 the Brazilian land that
has been offered to Francisca as her dowry to Sociedade Colonizadora Hamburguesa,
owned by Senator Christian Mathias Schroeder. The first German, Swiss and
Norwegian colonists settled Dona Francisca colony on 9 March 1851, transported
by the ship "Colon".
The district of Joinville was established within the
municipality of São Francisco by Provincial Law No. 452 promulgated on 8 April
1858, to be elevated a municipality by Provincial Law No. 566 promulgated on 15
March 1886.
The principality of Joinville, established in 1551 by Henri
II for François, Duke de Guise, was transferred in 1688 by Marie, last Duchess
de Guise, to her niece, Anne-Marie-Louise d'Orléans, Duchess de Montpensier, aka
la Grande Mademoiselle. The title of Prince de Joinville was subsequently used
by the Dukes of Orléans and went extinct with the death of François d'Orléans.
The capital of the principality of Joinville was the town of Joinville (3,037
inhabitants in 2018), located in Champagne.
In 1830, Laurent-Nicolas Pinson,
mayor of the town of La Branche du Pont de Saint-Maur, adjacent to Paris (east)
obtained from Louis-Philippe the change of the not really fascinating town's
name to Joinville-le-Pont, as an interested tribute to the prince de Joinville.
Now a big town (19,516 inhabitants in 2918), Joinville-le-Pont signed a
cooperation charter with the Brazilian town of Joinville in 2001.
https://www.joinville.sc.gov.br/
Municipal website
Ivan Sache, 4 November 2021
A blue flag with the municipal shield centred in a white lozenge.
Official website at
http://www.joinville.sc.gov.br
Dirk Schönberger, 27 June 2012
The flag of Joinville was originally prescribed by Municipal Law No. 617
promulgated on 14 June 1963.
Article 3.
The flag of Joinville, using
the legal dimensions, shall be: On a blue field, a white lozenge in the center
charged in the center with the coat of arms in proper colors.
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/sc/j/joinville/lei-ordinaria/1963/62/617/lei-ordinaria-n-617-1963-cria-a-bandeira-de-joinville
Leis Municipais database
The Law was abrogated by Municipal Law No.
5,739 promulgated on 9 April 2007, which did change anything in the description
of the flag.
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/sc/j/joinville/lei-ordinaria/2007/573/5739/lei-ordinaria-n-5739-2007-altera-e-consolida-dispositivos-da-lei-n-617-de-14-de-junho-de-1963-que-institui-a-bandeira-de-joinville-e-da-outras-providencias
Leis Municipais database
Photos
https://omirantejoinville.com.br/2019/03/06/hasteamento-da-bandeira-da-inicio-as-comemoracoes-do-aniversario-da-cidade/
https://scc10.com.br/nosso-scc/eleicoes-2020/confira-quais-sao-os-15-nomes-que-disputam-a-prefeitura-de-joinville/
https://g1.globo.com/sc/santa-catarina/eleicoes/2020/noticia/2020/09/16/psd-oficializa-candidatura-de-darci-de-matos-a-prefeitura-de-joinville.html
https://www.facebook.com/camarajoinville/photos/2800617776864340
https://www.facebook.com/camarajoinville/photos/2375429602716495
https://www.facebook.com/camarajoinville/photos/1594433964149400
The
coat of arms of Joinville was originally prescribed by Municipal Law No. 453
promulgated on 27 April 1929.
Portuguese rounded shield surmounted by a
mural crown. The shield divided into four quarters superimposed in the center by
an escutcheon. The first quarter features the "quinas" of Portugal and the
Bourbon fleur-de-lis, recalling the marriage of Princess Francisca of Braganza
with the Prince de Joinville, which is the origin of the name of Joinville
assigned to the early Dona Francisca colony.
The second quarter features
elements from the coat of arms of the French town of Joinville, capital of the
principality that gave the name of Joinville.
The third quarter features the
Norwegian lion and the Helvetic cross.
The fourth quarter features the
Prussian eagle and the Oldenburg cross, recalling, as the third quarter, the
origins of the early colonists.
The escutcheon features the Southern Cross,
the Brazilian national symbol, to recall that all elements from various nations
merged with those from Brazil.
The shield is "supported" by sugarcanes and
rice plants, representing the municipality's main crops. The scroll beneath the
shield is inscribed with the "motto" "Nea Autem Brasiliae Magnitudo" ("Brazil's
Greatness Shall Be Mine Too"); in the center of the motto, a cogwheel symbolizes
industry.
The mural crown features a central gate surmounted by an escutcheon
referring to the town's patron saint, St. Francis Xavier, charged with a book
superimposed by a parchment roll recalling the apostle's evangelism acts. The
whole is surmounted by the Roman small letter "I", recalling "Vai!" (Go!), the
order given by St. Ignatius of Loyola to St. Francis Xavier to serve in the
eastern missions.
The shield's first quarter is blue with five silver
bezants argent, from the royal arms of Portugal ancient and Braganza, and a
golden fleur-de-lis, from the royal arms of France ancient and the house of
Orléans. The second quarter is blue with three golden hempbrakes, from the arms
of the French town of Joinville. The third [indeed, fourth] quarter is silver
with a black eagle with golden beak, feathers, scepter and crown, from Prussia,
and the red cross from Oldenburg. The fourth [indeed third] quarter is red with
a white cross from Switzerland and a golden lion holding a white axe, from
Norway.
The central escutcheon is blue with golden stars. The scroll is red
with silver letters.
The escutcheon of the mural crown surmounting the shield
is red with a white open book charged by a parchment roll, also white. On top, a
small letter, also argent.
The shield lateral "supporters" are sugarcanes and
rice plants proper. The cog heel is proper. The mural crown is golden.
These arms were offered to the municipality of Joinville by Afonso d'Escragnolle
Taunay (1876-1958). Known as "the São Paulo historian" for his numerous
contributions, the monumental "História geral das bandeiras paulistas" (11
volumes, 1924-1950) and "História do café no Brasil" (15 volumes, 1939-1943),
Afonso de Taunay was born in Nostra Senhora de Desterro (today, Florianópolis)
from Viscount de Taunay (1843-1899), then President of the Santa Catarina
province. He designed the arms of several municipalities in São Paulo, Minas
Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Bania, and of four Santa Catarina municipalities:
Blumenau, Joinville, Laguna and São Francisco do Sul.
The new
Constitution promulgated on 10 November 1937 in the aftermath of the 1930
Revolution abolished the coat of arms of the Brazilian states and
municipalities. The next Constituion, promulgated in September 1946
re-established them. Several towns re-adopted their original arms, as did
Joinville by Municipal Law No. 71 promulgated on 16 August 1948.
The
coats of arms designed by Afonso de Taunay were far from being compliant with
norms of heraldry. In articles published in 1931 and 1932 in the Journal de
Commércio (Rio de Janeiro), the historian admitted that he really enjoyed
designing arms but that his heraldic knowledge was extremely limited and that he
would not care increasing it. His designs often include too many quarters and
escutcheons arbitrarily arranged, break the tincture rule and use inappropriate
outer ornaments. The blazons use inappropriate or erroneous heraldic terms, mix
heraldic description and symbolic meaning; it was also pointed out that the
description of family arms is sometimes incomplete or fanciful.
Accordingly, the coat of arms of Joinville was "corrected" by Municipal Law No.
1,173 promulgated on 22 December 1971. Unfortunately, the "correction" was made
by people relying on flawed "heraldic principles", which resulted in an abstruse
description of the arms and arbitrarily changes of the shield and tower's shape,
as well as of some charges. Finally, the new design did not correct Afonso de
Taunay's errors but added new ones.
https://agora.emnuvens.com.br/ra/article/view/32
Edison Mueller. 1986.
Afonso de Tunay e a heráldica municipal catarinense. ÁGORA: Arquivologia Em
Debate, 2(3), 22–26
https://agora.emnuvens.com.br/ra/article/view/34
Edison Mueller. 1986.
Afonso de Tunay e a heráldica municipal catarinense. Conclusão do numéro
anterior. ÁGORA: Arquivologia Em Debate, 2(4), 10-23
E. Mueller does not
specify the "corrections" made to the original design. Neither does he name the
authors, who must have been the heraldic "encyclopedists" who designed or
corrected several municipal coat of arms in the 1960s-1970s, pushing their own,
flawed, interpretation of the "rules of heraldry".
The first quarter was
substituted by the arms of the imperial house of Orléans-Braganza.
The second
quarter was substituted by the arms of the house of Orléans, "Azure three
fleurs-de-lis or a label argent".
In the fourth quartern an escutcheon
"Quarterly argent and sable" was added to the chest of the Prussian eagle.
The quite far-fetched connection with the French town of Joinville was
therefore suppressed. The town's original arms are "Azure three hempbrakes
argent a chief argent a lion issuant gules". "Azure three hempbrakes or" were
the arms of the early house of Joinville.
Ivan Sache, 4 November 2021