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Dictionary of Vexillology: A (Abased - Advertising Pulldown)

Last modified: 2022-07-16 by rob raeside
Keywords: vexillological terms |
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ABASED
1) A heraldic term for when the main ordinary on a shield, banner of arms or flag is placed in a lower position than is usual - lowered (see also ‘banner of arms’, ‘enhanced’ and ‘ordinary’).
2) A term that may also be used when a shield is placed in a lower position than is normal (see also ‘shield 1)’).

[abased example] [abased example] Olszyna, Poland
Examples (2); Flag of Olszyna, Poland (fotw)


ABATEMENTS
A heraldic term that covers the various symbols of disgrace appearing on (or disfiguring) the arms of those guilty of a dishonourable act – staynande colours (see also ‘stains’ and ‘coward’ with their following notes).

[abatement] [abatement] [abatement]
Examples (internationalheraldry.com)

Notes
1) There is no evidence that these symbols were anything other than theoretical, and in addition:
2) A detailed description of them is beyond the remit of this Dictionary, so the Editors suggest that a suitable work on heraldry be consulted if further information is required


ABEYANCE
See ‘in abeyance’.

[abeyance]
Former First Class Commodore’s Broad Pennant, UK (fotw)


ABOVE
1) In vexillology a term used when a charge (or charges) is (or are) placed at the top of, or immediately above another – but see ‘above 2)’ and ‘surmounted by 1)’ (also ‘charge 1)’).
2) In heraldry, see ‘ensigned’.

[above]  [above] [above]
National Flag of Zambia (fotw); National Flag of Malawi (fotw); State Flag of Hungary (fotw)


ABSENCE PENNANT (or ABSENTEE PENNANT)
1) In widespread naval usage, one of four pennants (the first to the fourth substitute in the NATO Code of Signals) displayed (from the port or starboard yardarm) in port when the commanding officer of a ship or the flag officer or civil official whose flag has been flying in that ship is temporarily absent from the vessel (see also 'international code of signal flags’, ‘international code of signals’ and ‘substitute’).
2) See ‘owner absent flag’.

[absence example] [absence example] [absence example] [absence example]
First Substitute (Flag Officer Absent), Second Substitute (Chief of Staff Absent), Third Substitute (Captain Absent), Fourth Substitute (Civil/Military Official Absent) (fotw)


ACCOLÉ
An alternative heraldic term to gorged - see ‘gorged’.

[accolle example] [accolle example] [accolle example]
Flag of Elgg, Switzerland (fotw); Arms and Flag of Ourém, Portugal (fotw)


ACCORNÉ
An alternative heraldic term to attired - see ‘attired’.

[accorne example] [accorne example] 
Flag and Arms of Blížejov, Czechia (fotw)


ACCRETION
A term sometimes used by textile experts involved in fabric conservation, and describes the soiling, mildew damage or other defects that occur on the surface of a flag.

ACHIEVEMENT (OF ARMS)
1) In heraldry see ‘armorial bearings’.
2) In strict heraldic practice all the armorial bearings of a deceased person as displayed at that person’s funeral – a funeral achievement or hatchment (see also ‘armorial bearings’, ‘badge banner’, ‘bannerole’, ‘coat of arms’, ‘great banner’ and ‘grumphion’).

[Barbados arms] [Bahamas arms] [Churchill arms]
Achievement of Arms/Armorial Bearings of Barbados and of Guyana (fotw); Achievement of Arms/Armorial Bearings of the Late Sir Winston Churchill, UK (Churchill Society)

Please note with regard to 2) that if all the armorial bearings of a deceased person are displayed on a flag they become a great banner, or if less than all a bannerole, both as referenced above.


ACHROME
The French for colourless – but see ‘monochrome 1)’.

[achrome example]
Achromatic Illustration of 1993 (Tomislav Todorovic)


ACORN (or ACORNED) CROSS
In largely South European heraldry, the alternative terms used to describe a Greek Cross adorned with acorns, and symbolic of St Anthony in the Portuguese tradition – a term, as far as can be discovered, unknown in English heraldry (See also ‘cross tau’ and ‘Greek cross’).

[acorn example] [acorn example] [acorn example]
Arms of Armação de Pêra, Portugal (fotw); Flag and Arms of Santo António dos Cavaleiros e Frielas, Portugal (fotw)


ACTION PENNANT
See ‘paying off pennant’.

ACTIVE
In vexillology a term that may be used to describe when the rays of a star or sun emblem, or a radiating stripe, are shown with undulating or wavy curves – see ‘active and inactive’ below and ‘inactive’ (also ‘radiating’, ‘rays 1)’, ‘star’ and its following note, ‘sunburst’, ‘sun emblem’ and ‘wavy’).

[active example]  [active example]  [active example]
National Flag of Kyrgyzstan (fotw); Unofficial Flag of Guadeloupe (fotw); Flag of Pernambuco, Brazil (fotw)


ACTIVE AND INACTIVE
In vexillology a term that may be used to describe when the rays of a star or sun emblem are shown with alternating wavy and straight rays – but see ‘sun-in-splendour’ (also ‘active’ above, ‘inactive’, ‘rays 1)’, ‘star’ and its following note, ‘sunburst’, ‘sun emblem’ and ‘wavy’).

 [Active/Inactive example]  [Active/Inactive] [Active/Inactive example]
National Flag of Argentina (fotw); National Emblem and Flag of Uruguay (fotw)


ADDITION(S) OF HONOUR (or HONOR)
See ‘augmentation of honour’.

Arms of Malta  Ensign of Malta
Arms and Government Ensign of Malta 1943 - 1964 (fotw)


ADDORSED
1) The heraldic term used when two animals are turned back to back – endorsed – but see 2) below and ‘averted’.
2) The heraldic term also used when two charges are turned outwards – endorsed (see also ‘charge 1)’).

Aure, Norway arms of Turosn, Poland  addorsed
Former Flag of Aure, Norway (fotw); Arms of Turośń Kościelna, Poland (fotw); Flag of Ferrette, France (fotw)


ADDRESS GROUP
In US naval usage and in some others, the group of signal flags displayed by a vessel with a flag officer or unit commander embarked, and flown (together with a call sign hoist) when entering or leaving harbour – see ‘call sign hoist’ (also ‘signal flag’ and ‘signal hoist’).

Address Group of the Commander, Second Fleet, US  Address Group of the Commander, Second Fleet,US
Address Group of the Commander, Second Fleet, US (Sea Flags)


ADMIRAL'S FLAG
See ‘flag of command 1)’.

Austria-Hungary 1894 Admiral  Austria-Hungary 1894 Vice-Admiral  Austria-Hungary 1894 Rear Admiral
Command Flags of an Admiral, Vice-Admiral, and Rear-Admiral, Austria-Hungary 1894 – 1915 (fotw)


ADMIRALTY CROWN
In UK usage an alternative term for the naval crown - see ‘naval crown’.

Sea Scouts, UK Sea Scouts, UK
Flag and Badge of the Sea Scouts, UK (fotw & official website)


ADMIRALTY FLAG
1) Specifically in UK usage see ‘anchor flag 2)’ (also ‘fouled anchor’).
2) Generically the flag, usually (but not exclusively) flown ashore, which represents a maritime authority (see also ‘state ensign 2)’).

Flag of the Admiralty Board, UK Flag of the Naval Board, New Zealand Flag of the Admiralty, Thailand  
Flag of the Admiralty Board, UK (fotw); Flag of the Naval Board, New Zealand (fotw); Flag of the Admiralty; Thailand (fotw)


ADMIRALTY WARRANT
See ‘warrant’ and its following note.

Royal Mersey Yacht Club ensign Royal Mersey Yacht Club burgee
Ensign and Burgee of the Royal Mersey Yacht Club, UK (fotw)


ADMIRAL WITHOUT DISTINCTION OF COLOUR
See ‘yellow admiral’.

ADORNED
1) In heraldry see ‘garnished’.
2) The heraldic term that may also be used in place of garnished when a hat, or other item of clothing is usually (but not invariably) decorated in a different tincture (see also ‘tincture’ and ‘vested’).

adorned Arms - Santa Combinha, Portugal Winikon, Switzerland
Flag of Vlissingen, The Netherlands (fotw); Arms of Santa Combinha, Portugal (fotw); Flag of Winikon, Switzerland (fotw)


ADVANCE THE COLOUR/COLOURS (or COLOR/COLORS)
(v) A military term originally for moving a flag forward towards an enemy, and now used on ceremonial occasions as a command to parade the colour(s) forward (see also ‘colour 2)’, ‘colours 2)’, and ‘parade flag’).

ADVENT CROSS
In heraldry see ‘cross tau’.

St. Antönien, Switzerland
Flag of St. Antönien-Ascharina, Switzerland (fotw)


ADVERTISING BANNER
See ‘banner 4)’.

[advertising banner]


ADVERTISING PULLDOWN (or PULL-DOWN)
See ‘pulldown’.

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